Swine Flu Update 051909

UPDATE: CDC update as of May 18, 2009

Summary of Situation

A New Influenza Virus

Novel influenza A (H1N1) is a new flu virus of swine origin that was first detected in April, 2009. The virus is infecting people and is spreading from person-to-person, sparking a growing outbreak of illness in the United States. An increasing number of cases are being reported internationally as well.

It’s thought that novel influenza A (H1N1) flu spreads in the same way that regular seasonal influenza viruses spread; mainly through the coughs and sneezes of people who are sick with the virus.

It’s uncertain at this time how severe this novel H1N1 outbreak will be in terms of illness and death compared with other influenza viruses. Because this is a new virus, most people will not have immunity to it, and illness may be more severe and widespread as a result. In addition, currently there is no vaccine to protect against this novel H1N1 virus. CDC anticipates that there will be more cases, more hospitalizations and more deaths associated with this new virus in the coming days and weeks.

Novel influenza A (H1N1) activity is now being detected through CDC’s routine influenza surveillance systems and reported weekly in FluView. CDC tracks U.S. influenza activity through multiple systems across five categories. The fact that novel H1N1 activity can now be monitored through seasonal surveillance systems is an indication that there are higher levels of influenza-like illness in the United States than is normal for this time of year. About half of all influenza viruses being detected are novel H1N1 viruses.

CDC ResponseCDC continues to take aggressive action to respond to the outbreak. CDC’s response goals are to reduce the spread and severity of illness, and to provide information to help health care providers, public health officials and the public address the challenges posed by this new public health threat.

CDC is issuing updated interim guidance daily in response to the rapidly evolving situation.

Clinician Guidance

CDC has issued interim guidance for clinicians on identifying and caring for patients with novel H1N1, in addition to providing interim guidance on the use of antiviral drugs. Influenza antiviral drugs are prescription medicines (pills, liquid or an inhaler) with activity against influenza viruses, including novel influenza H1N1 viruses. The priority use for influenza antiviral drugs during this outbreak is to treat severe influenza illness, including people who are hospitalized or sick people who are considered at high risk of serious influenza-related complications.

Public Guidance

In addition, CDC has provided guidance for the public on what to do if they become sick with flu-like symptoms, including infection with novel H1N1. CDC also has issued instructions on taking care of a sick person at home. Novel H1N1 infection has been reported to cause a wide range of symptoms, including fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, headache, chills and fatigue. In addition, a significant number of people also have reported nausea, vomiting or diarrhea. Everyone should take everyday preventive actions to stop the spread of germs, including frequent hand washing and people who are sick should stay home and avoid contact with others in order to limit further spread of the disease.

Testing

CDC has developed a PCR diagnostic test kit to detect this novel H1N1 virus and has now distributed test kits to all states in the U.S. and the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. The test kits are being shipped internationally as well. This will allow states and other countries to test for this new virus. This increase in testing will likely result in an increase in the number of confirmed cases of illness reported. This, combined with ongoing monitoring through Flu View should provide a fuller picture of the burden of disease in the United States over time.

See also the FluView Surveillance Report for the week ending May 9, 2009.

More on the Situation
Guidance
Reports & Publications
Press Briefing
Past Updates on the Situation

Alabama 61 cases 0 deaths
Arkansas 3 cases 0 deaths
Arizona 476 cases 1 death
California 553 cases 0 deaths
Colorado 56 cases 0 deaths
Connecticut 53 cases 0 deaths
Delaware 65 cases 0 deaths
Florida 101 cases 0 deaths
Georgia 24 cases 0 deaths
Hawaii 21 cases 0 deaths
Idaho 8 cases 0 deaths
Illinois 696 cases 0 deaths
Indiana 81 cases 0 deaths
Iowa 66 cases 0 deaths
Kansas 34 cases 0 deaths
Kentucky** 14 cases 0 deaths
Louisiana 57 cases 0 deaths
Maine 12 cases 0 deaths
Maryland 34 cases 0 deaths
Massachusetts 143 cases 0 deaths
Michigan 158 cases 0 deaths
Minnesota 38 cases 0 deaths
Mississippi 3 cases 0 deaths
Missouri 19 cases 0 deaths
Montana 4 cases 0 deaths
Nebraska 28 cases 0 deaths
Nevada 30 cases 0 deaths
New Hampshire 19 cases 0 deaths
New Jersey 15 cases 0 deaths
New Mexico 68 cases 0 deaths
New York 254 cases 0 deaths
North Carolina 12 cases 0 deaths
North Dakota 3 cases 0 deaths
Ohio 13 cases 0 deaths
Oklahoma 32 cases 0 deaths
Oregon 94 cases 0 deaths
Pennsylvania 56 cases 0 deaths
Rhode Island 8 cases 0 deaths
South Carolina 36 cases 0 deaths
South Dakota 4 cases 0 deaths
Tennessee 82 cases 0 deaths
Texas 556 cases 3 deaths
Utah 91 cases 0 deaths
Vermont 1 cases 0 deaths
Virginia 21 cases 0 deaths
Washington 294 cases 1 death
Washington, D.C. 13 cases 0 deaths
Wisconsin 613 cases 0 deaths
TOTAL*(48) 5,123 cases 5 deaths